英国文学史(1)

节选

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  Most of the English romances of the time were metrical, metreand rhyme having been adopted from French poetry to take the placeof alliteration in Anglo-Saxon poetry, but in early 14th centurythere was a curious revival of alliterative verse in a number of romanceswritten in the West Midland dialect of Middle English:   The legend of King Arthur and his Round Table knights wasthe most popular theme employed. The origins of the Arthurianlegend are very complicated and even confusing because there was anArthur as a historical figure(”dux bellorum”, i.e., “the leader of thewars”) of the Celts in a series of 12 battles to repulse the invading Anglo-Saxons; then there was another Arthur as a mythological figure appear-ing chiefly in Welsh literature as a king of fairy-land, who undertakeshazardous quests, slays monsters, visits the realms ofthe dead and hasa number of knightly henchmen; and finally there was an Arthur as alegendary hero-reported by Geoffrey of Monmouth in his Latin “His-toria Regum Britanniae” (1137). In this last book the main frameworkof the now commonly known Arthurian legend is sketched, beginningfrom the prophecies of Merlin and the birth of Arthur, through hismarriage with Guanhumara (Guenevere) and his various conquestsand knightly adventures, to the treachery of his nephew Mordredand his battlewith the latter, and finally to Mordred’s defeat andGuen-eyere turniaglnun and Arthur himself mortally wounded and carriedto Avalon. Geoffrey of Monmouth’s hook was translated by morethan one writer into French and then Layamoa, a bumble priest on thebanks of the Severn, told the Arthurian story for the first time in Englishin his alliterative poem with occasional rhymes, “Brut'” (1205). Inthe meantime,, inthe late 12th and early 13th centuries the Arthurianlegend became very popular on the European Continent, particularlyin France and Germany, as it was retold with elaborations by German poets Wolfram yon Eschenbach and Gottfried von Strassburg andFrench poets Marie de .France and Chrestien (or Chretien) de Troyes.So that by about 1300 most of the legendary material woven round thestory of King Arthur and his Round Tableknights, from.Merlin and thebirth of Arthur, to Guenevere and the treachery of Mordred and thepassing of Arthur, and including the heroic deeds of the best knownknights like Lancelot and Tristram, Gawain and Percival as well asthe story of the Holy Grail, had all been treated of whether in chronicleor in romance, in verse or in prose, in English or in Welsh or in Latin,French or German. The Arthurian romances written in Englishwere mostly metrical, usually dealing with. once pa.rticular knight oranother, with Tristram and:his 10ve for Iseult, with Ywain and Gawain,with Lancelot and the maid of Astolet,with Percival and the HolyGrail, and with Merlin and Arthur himself, but before the whole storywas gathered together in a continuous thread in Sir Thomas Malory’s”Le Morte d’Arthur” in the 15th century, perhaps the most outstandingsingle romance on the Arthurian legend was the anonymous “SirGawain. and the Green Knight”, written in 1360-1370, in alliterativeverse.  ……

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内容简介

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  This is an attempt to write a history of English literature admittedly with an innovative approach. The traditional as well as the more modern views in the West on literary movements, schools, traditions and influences in the field of English literature and on individual English authors and their major and minor works are here given due respect and serious consideration, but with the reservation sometimes to differ and occasionally to introduce new and totally contrary judgments from the viewpoint of historical materialism i.e., the writers and their writings are to be given their proper places in each case in accordance with the roles, healthful or otherwise, that they play in the progress of history, social and literary. Of course,whether or how far have I succeeded in these pages in living up to the theory advanced above awaits judgment from my readers.

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目录

Chapter Ⅰ ENGLISH LITERATURE OF THE ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD1.The Historical Background2.“Beowulf” the National Epic of the Anglo-Saxons3.Minor Anglo-Saxon Poetry:Caedmon and Cynewulf4.Anglo-Saxon Prose: Bede;Alfred; “The Anglo Saxon Chronicle”;AelfricChapter Ⅱ ENGLISH LITERATURE OF THE LATE MIDDLE AGESSection Ⅰ English Literature from the Mid-11th Century to the Mid-14th1.The Background: Political and Social2.Folk Literature and Religious Literature from the Mid-11th to the Mid-14th Century3.Early Alliterative and Metrical Romances in the 12th, 13th and Early 14th CenturiesSection Ⅱ English Literatuire of the Second Half of the 14th Century1.The Background:Political and Social2.John Wycliffe; John Gower;William Langland3.Geoffrey ChaucerSection Ⅲ English Literature of the Fifteenth Century1.The Background:Political and Social2.The English and Scottish Popular Ballads: “Robin Hood Ballads”3.Early English Drama: Folk Drama; The Mystery Plays; The Miracle Plays; The Morality Plays4.The English Chaucerians; Early Scottish Poetry and the Scottish Chaucerians5.English Prose of the 15th Century: Sir Thomas Malory and His “Le Morte d’Arthur”Chapter Ⅲ ENGLISH LITERATURE OF THE RENAISSANCESection Ⅰ The Historical Background: Economic, Political and Cultural1.The Renaissance in Europe2.Stages and Trends of English Literature of the RenaissanceSection Ⅱ English Literature of the Early 16th Century1 The Oxford Reformers;Thomas More2.Court Poetry: Skelton; Wyatt and Surrey3.Morality Plays and Interludes of the 16th Century:David Lyndsay;John HeywoodSection Ⅲ English Literature of the Second Half of the 16th Century.1.Court Poetry:Philip Sidney; Edmund Spenser2.Prose Fiction: Lyly, Lodge, Greene, Sidney, Nashe,Deloney3.Pre-Shakespearean Drama: English Drama under Classical Influence;UniversityWits:Lyly, Peele,Lodge, Nashe, Greene, Kyd and Marlowe Section Ⅳ Shakespeare1.Shakespeare’s Life and Literary Career2.Shakespeare’s Poems and Sonnets3.Early Period of Shakespeare’s Plays: History Plays(“Richard Ⅲ”, “Henry IV”, Parts 1 and 2, “Henry V”);Early Tragedies(“Romeo and Juliet”, “Julius Caesar”); Comedies (“The Merchant of Venice”,“Much Ado about Nothing”, “As You Like It”,“Twelfth Night”)4.Mature Period of Shakespeare’s Plays.Tragedies(“Hamlet”, “Othello”,“King Lear”, “Macbeth”,“Antony and Cleopatra”, “Coriolanus”,“Timon of Athens”), Tragi-Comedies (“Measure for Measure”,“All’s Well that Ends Well”, “Troilus and Cressida”)5.Last Period of Shakespeare’s Dramatic Career:“Pericles”, “Cymbeline”,“The Winter’s Tale”, “The Tempest”, “Pericle”, “Henry VIII”6.General Comments on Shakespeare:Shakespeare’s Progressive Significance and Limitations;His Indebtedness to the English Dramatic Tradition;HisCharacterCreations;His Plot Construction;His Mastery of Language;His Literary InfluenceSection Ⅴ English Literature of the First Quarter of the 17th Century1.Drama of Shakespeare’s Contemporaries: Ben Jonson,Chapman, Dekker, Thomas Heywood, Beaumont and Fletcher2.The Decline of Drama in Early 17th-Century England up to the Closing of the Theatres in London in 1642:Marston, Tourneur, Webster, Ford, Middleton,Massinger,Shirley3.Francis Bacon4.The King James Bible and Other Prose in Early 17th Century5.English Non-Dramatic Poetry in the First Thirty Years of the 17th Century: John Donne, Ben Jonson,the SpenseriansChapter Ⅳ ENGLISH LITERATURE DURING THE ENGLISH BOURGEOIS REVOLUTION AND THE RESTORATIONSection Ⅰ The Historical Background:Political and Ideological1.The Political Background from the Eve of the English Bourgeois Revolution to the Downfall of Stuart Absolutism (1625-1688)2.The Ideological Background of EngliSh Literature in the 17th Century.Section Ⅱ Minor Currents of English Literature from 1625 to 16601.Minor English Poets andProse Writersof the Period2.The Pamphlet Literature of the Levellers and the Digger.s: John Lilburne and Gerrard Winstanley Section Ⅲ John Milton1.Milton’s Life and Literary Career2.Milton’s Early Works3.The Middle Period of Milton’s Literary Career: His Prose and His Sonnets4.”Paradise Lost”, “Paradise Regained” and “Samson Agonistes'”Section Ⅳ English Literature of the Restoration1.John Bunyan2.John Dryden3.Th.e English Drama of the Restoration.4.Minor English Poetry and Prose.of the Restoration: Samuel Butler’s “Hudibras” and the Diaries of Samuel Pepys and John Evelyn

封面

英国文学史(1)

书名:英国文学史(1)

作者:陈嘉

页数:329

定价:¥28.0

出版社:商务印书馆

出版日期:1982-07-01

ISBN:9787100001922

PDF电子书大小:33MB 高清扫描完整版

百度云下载:http://www.chendianrong.com/pdf

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