亚原子物理学-第3版

内容简介

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　　Subatomic Physics, the physics of nuclei and particles, has been one of the frontiers of science since its birth in 1896. From the study of the radiations emitted by radioactive nuclei to the scattering experiments that point to the presence of subLuuts in nucleons, from the discovery of the hadroruc interactions to the real-ization that the photon possesses hadronic (strong) attributes, and that weak and electromagnetic forces may be intimately related, subatomic physics has enriched science with new concepts and deeper insights into the laws of nature.　　Subatomic Physics does not stand isolated; it bears on many aspects of life. Ideas and facts emerging from studies of the subatomic world change our picture of the macrocosmos. Concepts discovered in subatomic physics are needed to under-stand the creation and abundance of the elements, and the energy production in the sun and the stars, Nuclear power may provide most of the future energy sources.Nuclear bombs affect national and international decisions. Pion beams have be- come a tool to treat cancer. Tracer and Mossbauer techniques give information about structure and reactions in solid state physics, chemistry, biology, metallurgy, and geology.

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目录

DedicationAcknowledgmentsPreface to the First EditionPreface to the Third EditionGeneral Bibliography1 Background and Language1.1 Orders of Magnitude1.2 Units1.3 Special Relativity，Feynman Diagrams1.4 ReferencesⅠ Tools2 Accelerators2.1 Why Accelerators？2.2 Cross Sections and Luminosity2.3 Electrostatic Generators （Van de Graaff）2.4 Linear Accelerators （Linacs）2.5 Beam Optics2.6 Synchrotrons2.7 Laboratory and Center-of-Momentum Frames2.8 Colliding Beams2.9 Superconducting Linacs2.10 Beam Storage and Cooling2.11 References3 Passage of Radiation Through Matter3.1 Concepts3.2 Heavy Charged Particles3.3 Photons3.4 Electrons3.5 Nuclear Interactions3.6 References4 Detectors4.1 Scintillation Counters4.2 Statistical Aspects4.3 Semiconductor Detectors4.4 Bubble Chambers4.5 Spark Chambers4.6 Wire Chambers4.7 Drift Chambers4.8 Time Projection Chambers4.9 Cerenkov Counters4.10 Calorimeters4.11 Counter Electronics4.12 Electronics： Logic4.13 ReferencesⅡ Particles and Nuclei5 The Subatomic Zoo5.1 Mass and Spin.Fermions and Bosons5.2 Electric Charge and Magnetic Dipole Moment5.3 Mass Measurements5.4 A First Glance at the Subatomic Zoo5.5 Gauge Bosons5.6 Leptons5.7 Decays5.8 Mesons5.9 Baryon Ground States5.10 Particles and Antiparticles5.11 Quarks，Gluons，and Intermediate Bosons5.12 Excited States and Resonances5.13 Excited States of Baryons5.14 References6 Structure of Subatomic Particles6.1 The Approach： Elastic Scattering6.2 Rutherford and Mott Scattering6.3 Form Factors6.4 The Charge Distribution of Spherical Nuclei6.5 Leptons Are Point Particles6.6 Nucleon Elastic Form Factors6.7 The Charge Radii of the Pion and Kaon6.8 Inelastic Electron and Muon Scattering6.9 Deep Inelastic Electron Scattering6.10 Quark-Parton Model for Deep Inelastic Scattering6.11 More Details on Scattering and Structure6.12 ReferencesⅢ Symmetries and Conservation Laws7 Additive Conservation Laws7.1 Conserved Quantities and Symmetries7.2 The Electric Charge7.3 The Baryon Number7.4 Lepton and Lepton Flavor Number7.5 Strangeness Flavor7.6 Additive Quantum Numbers of Quarks7.7 References8 Angular Momentum and Isospin8.1 Invariance Under Spatial Rotation8.2 Symmetry Breaking by a Magnetic Field8.3 Charge Independence of Hadronic Forces8.4 The Nucleon Isospin8.5 Isospin Invariance8.6 Isospin of Particles8.7 Isospin in Nuclei8.8 References9 P，C，CP，and T9.1 The Parity Operation9.2 The Intrinsic Parities of Subatomic Particles9.3 Conservation and Breakdown of Parity9.4 Charge Conjugation9.5 Time Reversal9.6 The Two-State Problem9.7 The Neutral Kaons9.8 The Fall of CP Invariance9.9 ReferencesⅣ Interactions10 The Electromagnetic Interaction10.1 The Golden Rule10.2 Phase Space10.3 The Classical Electromagnetic Interaction10.4 Photon Emission10.5 Multipole Radiation10.6 Electromagnetic Scattering of Leptons10.7 Vector Mesons as Mediators of the Photon-Hadron Interaction10.8 Colliding Beams10.9 Electron-Positron Collisions and Quarks10.10 The Photon-Hadron Interaction： Real and Spacelike Photons10.11 Magnetic Monopoles10.12 References11 The Weak Interaction11.1 The Continuous Beta Spectrum11.2 Beta Decay Lifetimes11.3 The Current-Current Interaction of the Standard Model11.4 A Variety of Weak Processes11.5 The Muon Decay11.6 The Weak Current of Leptons11.7 Chirality versus Helicity11.8 The Weak Coupling Constant GF11.9 Weak Decays of Quarks and the CKM Matrix11.10 Weak Currents in Nuclear Physics11.11 Inverse Beta Decay： Reines and Cowan’s Detection of Neutrinos11.12 Massive Neutrinos11.13 Majorana versus Dirac Neutrinos11.14 The Weak Current of Hadrons at High Energies11.15 References12 Introduction to Gauge Theories12.1 Introduction12.2 Potentials in Quantum Mechanics-The Aharonov-Bohm Effect12.3 Gauge Invariance for Non-Abelian Fields12.4 The Higgs Mechanism；Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking12.5 General References13 The Electroweak Theory of the Standard Model13.1 Introduction13.2 The Gauge Bosons and Weak Isospin13.3 The Electroweak Interaction13.4 Tests of the Standard Model13.5 References14 Strong Interactions14.1 Range and Strength of the Low-Energy Strong Interactions14.2 The Pion-Nucleon Interaction-Survey14.3 The Form of the Pion-Nucleon Interaction14.4 The Yukawa Theory of Nuclear Forces14.5 Low-Energy Nucleon-Nucleon Force14.6 Meson Theory of the Nucleon-Nucleon Force14.7 Strong Processes at High Energies14.8 The Standard Model，Quantum Chromodynamics14.9 QCD at Low Energies14.10 Grand Unified Theories，Supersymmetry，String Theories14.11 ReferencesⅤ Models15 Quark Models of Mesons and Baryons15.1 Introduction15.2 Quarks as Building Blocks of Hadrons15.3 Hunting the Quark15.4 Mesons as Bound Quark States15.5 Baryons as Bound Quark States15.6 The Hadron Masses15.7 QCD and Quark Models of the Hadrons15.8 Heavy Mesons： Charmonium，Upsilon15.9 Outlook and Problems15.10 References16 Liquid Drop Model，Fermi Gas Model，Heavy Ions16.1 The Liquid Drop Model16.2 The Fermi Gas Model16.3 Heavy Ion Reactions16.4 Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions16.5 References17 The Shell Model17.1 The Magic Numbers17.2 The Closed Shells17.3 The Spin-Orbit Interaction17.4 The Single-Particle Shell Model17.5 Generalization of the Single-Particle Model17.6 Isobaric Analog Resonances17.7 Nuclei Far From the Valley of Stability17.8 References18 Collective Model18.1 Nuclear Deformations18.2 Rotational Spectra of Spinless Nuclei18.3 Rotational Families18.4 One-Particle Motion in Deformed Nuclei （Nilsson Model）18.5 Vibrational States in Spherical Nuclei18.6 The Interacting Boson Model18.7 Highly Excited States；Giant Resonances18.8 Nuclear Models-Concluding Remarks18.9 References19 Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics19.1 The Beginning of the Universe19.2 Primordial Nucleosynthesis19.3 Stellar Energy and Nucleosynthesis19.4 Stellar Collapse and Neutron Stars19.5 Cosmic Rays19.6 Neutrino Astronomy and Cosmology19.7 Leptogenesis as Basis for Baryon Excess19.8 ReferencesIndex

封面

书名:亚原子物理学-第3版

作者:亨利

页数:620

定价:¥99.0

出版社:世界图书出版公司

出版日期:2015-01-01

ISBN:9787510086359

PDF电子书大小:101MB 高清扫描完整版